Here’s an interesting case study from the US.  It follows a group of Cherokee Indians in North Carolina, who were living below the poverty line.  A group of these families was provided with supplementary income, administered through their group and with no strings attached.  Looking at the progress of these families over time, it was found that this program did make a significant difference to their quality of life and well-being.  The effect on children was particularly marked, with early intervention providing the greatest benefits.  The study lends support to the general policy of priority to the least advantaged.  When the assistance is provided in the right way, respectfully, and giving families ownership, the beneficial outcomes were clear.